Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Associate Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD student of Iranian Islamic History, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
The operation of the Iranian People's Fadayee Guerrilla Organization in the Siahkal forests of Gilan on 19th of Bahman 1349 is considered to be the starting point of the armed battle of the leftist groups against the rule of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Although the first operation of the people's loyalist guerrillas in the village failed for some reasons and led to a change in the organization's approach to carrying out activities in the city, the Siahkal operation was recorded as an important event in the history of this organization and the origin of the emergence of guerrilla and coercive movements against the Pahlavi rule.
The formation of Siahkal guerrilla operations had a close relationship with the peasant community of Gilan villages on the one hand and the natural geography of this area on the other hand. The present study aims to answer the question, with a descriptive-analytical approach and relying on documentary and library sources, and with the aim of explaining the factors influencing the guerrilla operations of the people's loyalists against the Pahlavi government, what factors caused the organization of the people's loyalists to choose Siahkal village as the first place of their guerrilla operations against the regime of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi?
The findings of the research show that the social structure of the villages of Gilan, which consisted of peasant and rural communities, on the one hand, and the geographical location of Gilan, the weather conditions and dense vegetation, the forest and mountainous location of Siahkal, were effective in choosing the village of Siahkal to launch a guerrilla movement by the people's loyalist guerrillas.
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