Document Type : Original Article
Author
Assistant Professor, Department of History Educatin, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
From the Iranian Constitutional Revolution in 1906 until the end of Qajar rule in 1925, Iran experienced a prolonged period of political weakness and instability. During this time, the western regions of Iran, particularly Kurdistan, faced significantly greater instability and insecurity compared to other areas. The revolt of Salar al-Dawlah in western Iran, occupying of northern parts of Kurdistan by Ottoman forces and the successive occupation of Kurdistan by hostile foreign forces during World War I resulted in widespread poverty and disorder in the region. This research aims to examine the impact of political changes during this nearly 2 decade on agriculture, rural life, and the population of Kurdistan. Utilizing data mining and analysis of archival documents, as well as historical and library sources, this study seeks to answer the question: How significantly did the events of this period contribute to the destruction of human resources of Kurdistan and its marginalization during the Pahlavi era? The findings indicate that the devastation of villages, economic resources, and human casualties in Kurdistan was more severe than in other parts of Iran. Many villagers and nomads were either killed on the battlefields or migrated to Mesopotamia and other regions. As small landowners weakened, some landlords aligned with the state seized more villages, leading to the emergence of a new class of landowners.
Keywords
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